NOTES - 10
EQUIPMENT
MANAGEMENT TIPS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERS
AND
PLANT & MACHINERY ENGINEERS
AN
INTRODUCTION TO CONSTRUCTION PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
HOW
TO KEEP RECORDS OF EQUIPMENT PLANT AND MACHINERY FOR OPTIMUM UTILIZATION
I. Purpose of
Records :
It is important that
records should be kept not only to allow the compilation of progress reports,
but also as a means of checking performance against work program so as to
improve output where necessary or to recognize or reallocate resources when
specific items are lagging behind program. Records of actual performance, when
linked with statements of site conditions and factors such as breakdown, skill
of operators etc. form available guide to the planning and estimating of
further projects.
Three types of records
should be kept :
i. Progress records
ii. Work output
records of individual machines and team of machines
iii. Equipment
records.
II. Progress Records
Records of progress
may be kept in a variety of forms, but the method adopted should be as simple
as possible, and to be of real value, must allow for immediate comparison with
planned programme and show at a glance, the actual break-up made, often on
percentage basis.
Suitable methods are:
i. Work programme as
progress records
ii. Bar graph progress
chart
iii. Line graphs
iv. Pictorial records.
III. Work output
records ‚ - Records of actual output of individual machines and if desired, of
team of machines, will not only be useful on the projects itself to help in
analysing any causes of delay in progress of work but will prove of great value
for further planning and estimating.
To enable these
records to be compiled, plant supervisor's reports will be necessary.
IV.
Plant Supervisor's Reports:
Each plant supervisor
should be required to complete shift report at the end of each shift showing
relevant information about the machines which have been under his control
during the shift. The report should not be confused with plant operators daily
log which is mainly concerned with servicing and fuel consumption.
Typical items to be
entered on plant supervisors report for each machine are :
i. Task on which
employed.
ii. Total work carried
out e.g. number of trips performed, total mileage or number of vehicles loaded,
depending on type of task.
iii. Number of minutes
worked per hour.
iv. Servicing periods.
v. Remarks on delay
and waiting times with reasons.
V. Basic record of
equipment to be maintained in Department:
Complete record of
equipment should be maintained in two documents viz;
i. Log Book
ii. Daily/Monthly
working data
iii. History Book
VI.
Log Book
The Log Book is to be
utilised for two purposes:
i. for a technical
control to evaluate how the machine is performing, and
ii. for getting the
'plant hours' performance classified by works.
To determine performance,
the total plant hours put in by a machine must be known and causes of 'trouble'
should be classified. The log book records the 'consumption of fuels and
lubricants, since the performance of the machine can be judged readily from
these figures. It records the work on which the machine was employed indicating
the officer on whose requisition the machines was utilised.
The log book should be
given as much importance for proper maintenance as for measurement book.
VII.
Daily/Monthly working data
Log book also gives
record of utilisation of machinery. Other data such as sickness, idleness etc.
are not readily available in log book. The data is equally important to
indicate performance of machine.
For this purpose the
data is to be maintained in the form of daily working machinery. Monthly
abstract should be prepared in four copies.
VIII.
History Books
It is possible with
records in history book to evaluate the general condition of a machine at any
time, to decide the nature and extent of the next overhaul, to help in scaling
the spare parts required in future and to assess it is value.
IX.
Maintenance Register
The Maintenance
Register for the following should be maintained :
i. Daily maintenance
ii. Weekly maintenance
iii. 100 to 175 hours
maintenance
iv. 250 hours
maintenance
v. 500 hours
maintenance
vi. 1000 hours
maintenance
vii. 2000 hours
maintenance
X.
Supervision
The importance of
adequate and efficient supervision at all levels of project involving the use
of engineer construction plant cannot be too strongly emphasized. However
carefully a project is planned, result will be unsatisfactory unless
supervision is efficient throughout the work.
Lack of supervision
always results in misuse of machine and wastage of machine time.
The purpose of supervision
is not only to see that work is carried out correctly to specifications laid
down and the machines are properly used and output maintained at consistently
high level but also to foresee difficulties and likely bottlenecks which may
reduce output and to take steps to obstacle them before they occur.
It is then
supervisor's responsibility to :
i. Ensure that all
concerned under his command are clear on their task.
ii. See that machines
are used to best advantage and operators take their task correctly
iii. Ensure that the
work is properly done to the specification laid down.
iv. Take early steps
to deal with difficulties in order to assist the operators to maintain their
output where difficulties develop which he cannot deal with satisfactorily from
his own resources; report them without delay to next supervisor, with the
recommendation as to how they can best be overcome.
v. Always be thinking
ahead to foresee likely difficulties and bottlenecks to the progress of work
before they occur so that steps can be taken in time to prevent them or failing
this to reduce this adverse effect on out-put.
vi. Ensure that
mechanical servicing of machines is carried out thoroughly at correct times and
that any sign of mechanical trouble are reported so that steps can be taken to
remedy them and prevent breakdown and delays occurring during work.
vii. See application
of safety precautions is observed.
viii. During work and
particularly before end of day working period, see that precautions are taken
as regards drainage or to prevent work already done, before being damaged or
machine immobilized by sudden changes in weather and other causes.
ix. Keep record of
process during the work and output of the machine in local conditions under
which they are working. Such records will be of great value for planning work
on the same machine for future operation.
Table - 1
EQUIPMENT RECORD
-SAMPLE
...........................Project
Project Serial
No............... Equipment ..............
Manufacturer
....................Model, Type etc.........
Manufacturer's
Sl.No......... .Other Nos...............
Purchase order
................. Measurement book........
Description.....................
cost billed.............
............... Cost
billed.............
...............
Transport ..............
...............
Erection & trail........
Total
Received from
..............................................
Date of Receipts
............... ........................
Engine
Make......................Model & Sl.No............
Aux. Engine Make
............... Model & Sl. No..........
B.H.P of Engine
............... .........
Tyre Sizes
................... .........
Aux.
Equipment...................Make & Model & capacity......
EL
System........................
Hyd.
System.....................
Air
System.......................
Clutch...........................Transmission.................
PCU..............................
Table - 2
HISTORY BOOK -SAMPLE
First Sheet
No. of machine
Short description
Previous History Book
No.
Name of Organisation
To whom issued
PART - I
Manufacturer's Data
1. No. of Machine
2. Name of Machine
3. Capacity
4. Model and Serial
No.
5. Make, Model and HP
of Engine
6. Serial No. of
Engine
7. Manufacturers of
Sub assemblies
a. EI system
b. Transmission and
clutch
c. Air Compressor of
Hydraulic System
8. Tyre sizes and
recommended pressures
9. Capacities of :
1. Crank Chambers
2. Transmission
3. Final drive
4. Hydraulic
5. Coolant
6. Other information
10. Ref. to spare
parts catalogue and services book No.
Purchase Data
1. Reference to
purchase order
2. Supplied by or
received in transfer from
3. Date of receipt at
4. Date first put to
use
5. Condition when
received
6. Price paid to
supplier
7. Cost of transport
erection and trail
Rs.________________
Total cost Rs. ________________
Table - 4
FORMS FOR MACHINERY
RECORD - SAMPLE
The various forms
required for technical control and accounts are compiled here. They should be
printed in suitably bound books. Where more than on copy is required, it is a
good plan to have a distinguishing colour specified for each.
1. Daily Operation
Report
2. Eight Hours
Maintenance Report
3. Daily Field Repair
Report
4. Daily Servicing
Report
5. Accident/ Breakdown
Report
6. Shift Charge Report
7. Weekly Plant
Details and Progress Report
8. Monthly Report of
Material used on Machines
9. Advice of Transfer
Debit between charges.
No comments:
Post a Comment